Mt erebus fun facts10/7/2023 Researchers spent more than three months during the 2007–08 field season installing an atypically dense array of seismometers around Mount Erebus to listen to waves of energy generated by small, controlled blasts from explosives they buried along its flanks and perimeter, and to record scattered seismic signals generated by lava lake eruptions and local ice quakes. It is estimated that around 80 grams of gold are released by the volcano in this manner each day. The active lava lake in this summit cone undergoes continuous degassing.įollowing studies conducted in the early 1990's, it was found that Mount Erebus releases small amounts of gold crystals in the gases produced from the volcano these crystals range in size from 20 to 60 micrometres. In the center of the summit caldera is a small, steep-sided cone composed primarily of decomposed lava bombs and a large deposit of anorthoclase crystals known as Erebus crystals. It is filled with small volume tephritic phonolite and phonolite lava flows. The summit caldera was created by an explosive VEI-6 eruption that occurred 18,000 ± 7,000 years ago. A conspicuous break in slope around 3,200 m ASL calls attention to a summit plateau representing a caldera. The upper slopes of Mount Erebus are dominated by steeply dipping (about 30°) tephritic phonolite lava flows with large-scale flow levees. Lava flows of more viscous phonotephrite and trachyte erupted after the basanite. Erebus is the world's only presently erupting phonolite volcano. Slightly younger basanite and phonotephrite lavas crop out on Fang Ridge – an eroded remnant of an early Erebus volcano – and at other isolated locations on the flanks of Erebus. The oldest eruptive products consist of relatively undifferentiated and nonviscous basanite lavas that form the low broad platform shield of Erebus. The composition of the current eruptive products of Erebus are anorthoclase-porphyritic tephritic phonolite and phonolite, which are the bulk of exposed lava flow on the volcano. The bottom half of the volcano is a shield and the top half is a stratocone. Mount Erebus is classified as a polygenetic stratovolcano. The volcano was the site of the Air New Zealand Flight 901 accident, which occurred in November 1979. The volcano has been active since about 1.3 million years ago and has a long-lived lava lake in its inner summit crater that has been present since at least the early 1970s. With a summit elevation of 3,794 metres (12,448 ft), it is located in the Ross Dependency on Ross Island, which is also home to three inactive volcanoes: Mount Terror, Mount Bird, and Mount Terra Nova. It is the sixth-highest ultra mountain on the continent. Mount Erebus is the second-highest volcano in Antarctica (after Mount Sidley), the highest active volcano in Antarctica, and the southernmost active volcano on Earth. (claimed by New Zealand as part of the Ross Dependency)
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10/11/2023 12:51:37 am
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